US President Donald Trump has discussed firing Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell as his frustration with the central bank chief intensified following this week’s interest-rate increase and months of stock-market losses, according to four people familiar with the matter.
Advisers close to Mr Trump are not convinced he would move against Mr Powell and are hoping that the president’s latest bout of anger will dissipate over the holidays, the people said on condition of anonymity. Some of Trump’s advisers have warned him that firing Mr Powell would be a disastrous move.
Yet the president has talked privately about firing Mr Powell many times in the past few days, said two of the sources.
Any attempt by Mr Trump to push out Mr Powell would have potentially devastating ripple effects across financial markets, undermining investors’ confidence in the central bank’s ability to shepherd the economy without political interference. It would come as markets have plummeted in recent weeks, with the major stock indexes already down sharply for the year.
White House spokespeople declined to comment, as did Fed spokeswoman Michelle Smith.
Mr Trump’s public and private complaints about members of his administration have often been a first step toward their departures - including former attorney general Jeff Sessions, his first Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and outgoing chief of staff John Kelly.
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It’s unclear how much legal authority the president has to fire Mr Powell. The Federal Reserve Act says governors may be “removed for cause by the President.” Since the chairman is also a governor, that presumably extends to him or her, but the rules around firing the leader are legally ambiguous, as Peter Conti-Brown of the University of Pennsylvania notes in his book on Fed independence.
Such a move would represent an unprecedented challenge to the Fed’s independence. Though he was nominated by the president, Mr Powell was thought to be insulated from Trump’s dissatisfaction by a tradition of respect for the independence of the central bank.
That separation of politics from monetary policy is supposed to instil confidence that Fed officials will do what is right for the economy over the long term rather than bend to the short-term whims of a politician.
Mr Trump’s frustration with Mr Powell has greatly intensified in recent days. Though Mr Trump’s aim is to stop interest rate increases that slow economic growth, such a move could backfire by roiling already turbulent financial markets.
Even routine changes at the top of central banks create uncertainty in markets as investors try to assess how tough a new leader may be in preventing the economy from overheating and accelerating inflation. Another problem with dismissing a sitting Fed chief may be finding a replacement who wants assurance that he or she will not succumb to the same fate as Mr Powell.
Mr Trump is in the midst of a rolling shake-up of his administration. Since the November midterm elections, he has announced the exits of Mr Sessions, Mr Kelly, Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke and Defense Secretary James Mattis. At the same, the threat of a government shutdown has added to the sense among investors of disarray in Washington.
Equities just recorded their worst week since 2011, with the S&P 500 falling 7.1 per cent and the Nasdaq Composite descending into a bear market. Trump has laid a lot of the blame on the Fed, saying at one point in October that the central bank was “going loco” for raising rates.
Some of Mr Trump's ire has been directed at Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin for his part in persuading the president to select Mr Powell to lead the Fed.
Mr Powell has borne the brunt of the criticism recently, peppered by public complaints about interest rates from the president and at least one of his advisers. Less than two weeks ago, before the Fed’s latest rate decision, Mr Trump said Mr Powell was “being too aggressive, far too aggressive, actually far too aggressive.” He told Reuters the central bank “would be foolish” to proceed with a rate hike.
The Fed announced a widely anticipated rate hike on Wednesday and Mr Powell signaled he’ll be more cautious about tightening next year. But investors’ concerns over the chairman’s comments led to US equities to record their steepest declines for any Federal Open Market Committee announcement day since 2011.
