Calais // Migrants carrying their meagre belongings began leaving the “Jungle” in Calais on Monday under a French plan to raze the camp that has become a symbol of Europe’s refugee crisis.
“Bye Bye, Jungle!” a group of migrants shouted as they hauled luggage through the muddy lanes of the shantytown that has been home to thousands of people from Africa and the Middle East who hoped to enter Britain.
About 1,200 police officers, some in riot gear, were on hand as scores of Sudanese and Eritrean men queued from dawn outside a hangar to board buses that would take them to shelters across France.
“We don’t know yet where we are going, but it will obviously be better than the Jungle, which was made for animals not humans,” said Wahid, a 23-year-old Afghan.
The first coachload carrying 50 Sudanese left at about 8.45am, heading for the Burgundy region of France.
By midday, several hundred people were standing in line and 16 buses were already on the road.
As the crowd grew, police intervened to break up a scuffle and prevent a stampede but the operation was generally proceeding “in a calm and orderly manner”, said French interior minister Bernard Cazeneuve.
Demolition crews will move in on Tuesday to start tearing down the camp, one of the biggest in Europe where between 6,000 and 8,000 people, among them an estimated 1,300 children, have lived for months.
Officials planned to relocate up to 2,500 people on the first day and complete the operation by Wednesday evening.
Christian Salome, the head of Auberge des Migrants, one of the Jungle’s main charities, said that those who departed on Monday had been impatient to leave.
“I’m much more concerned about later in the week when the only ones remaining are those who do not want to leave, who still want to reach England,” he said, estimating their number at about 2,000.
On Sunday night, the police fired tear gas during skirmishes with migrants around the camp.
Riots erupted when the authorities razed the southern half of the settlement in March.
More than one million people fleeing war and poverty in the Middle East, Asia and Africa flooded into Europe last year, sowing divisions across the 28-nation bloc and fuelling the rise of far-right parties, including France’s own National Front.
Located on wasteland next to the port of Calais, the four-square-kilometre Jungle has become a symbol of Europe’s failure to resolve the crisis.
It has also strained ties between France and Britain and angered locals in Calais, where police try nightly to repel migrants trying to climb on to trucks heading across the Channel.
As the evacuation got under way some migrants were still clinging to hopes of a new life in Britain, believing their chances of finding a job and integrating there to be better.
New graffiti on the walls of Jungle shelters and shops reflected the fears of some at seeing their dream slip out of reach.
“I lost my hope,” read one. “Is this justice? No,” read another.
Karhazi, a young Afghan, sounded a defiant note: “They’ll have to force us to leave. We want to go to Britain.”
French authorities say those who agreed to be relocated could apply for asylum in France. Those who resist could face deportation.
Jean-Marc Puissesseau, chief executive of Calais port where migrants in January briefly occupied a ferry, told BBC radio he was “a very, very happy man”.
“It’s for us really the D-Day,” he said, hailing an end to the “constant stress” of drivers fearful of being ambushed by migrants. Dozens of migrants have been killed trying to jump on to trucks or trains entering the Channel Tunnel.
Mr Puissesseau warned that new camps would sprout around Calais unless police remained vigilant.
The migrants are being divided into families, single men, unaccompanied minors and other people considered vulnerable.
A total of 145 buses have been provided over the three days to take adults and families to 451 shelters nationwide.
British officials have been racing to process unaccompanied child refugees seeking refuge in the UK.
By Saturday, the number of minors given a one-way ticket to Britain under a fast-track process that began 10 days ago had reached 194, according to a French charity helping in the process.
Hundreds more have been interviewed and many are still waiting for a reply. They will be tempoorarily housed with other minors in containers in a part of the Jungle where families had been living.
* Agence France-Presse
