More than 400,000 people once inhabited the Syrian city of Raqqa before the civil war engulfed their lives.
Since then, control of the city has changed hands three times. First, rebels seized it from the Syrian government and then it was taken from them by fighters from ISIS.
The Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), backed by US air and artillery strikes, flushed out ISIS from the self-proclaimed capital of its caliphate earlier this year.
Today, the story goes that ISIS has gone. But they have not. And the hell of Raqqa remains.
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David Pratt: Raqqa has been liberated but ISIS fighters still lurk
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