A UN human rights envoy said Friday that hundreds of thousands of Rohingya Muslim refugees won't be able to return to Myanmar soon because of threats to their safety in the Buddhist-majority nation.
Myanmar has been criticised by global rights groups and many nations for state-sponsored violence against ethnic minorities.
Yanghee Lee, the UN special rapporteur on human rights in Myanmar, spent 10 days in Thailand and Bangladesh, speaking to refugees living in Bangladesh, authorities, UN agencies and international experts. More than 700,000 Rohingya refugees have fled into Bangladesh since late August 2017.
"It is clear that Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh cannot return to Myanmar in the near future," she said.
She said violence against the Rohingya by the Myanmar army in Rakhine state that prompted them to flee to neighbouring Bangladesh "bear the hallmarks of genocide." Myanmar has repeatedly turned down her request to allow her to visit the country.
Myanmar has rejected all allegations that any crimes against humanity and genocide took place. Global rights groups have called the country's top military officials to be tried for their alleged roles in the killing and rapes of Rohingya people.
When we say that conditions in #Rakhine are not conducive for the return of #refugees from #Bangladesh, let us not forget that the conditions are also not conducive for up to 600,000 #Rohingya still in #Myanmar to live free and equal in dignity and rights.#StandUp4HumanRights pic.twitter.com/RaLRskiN1x
— Pierre Peron (@pierre_peron) January 21, 2019
Ms Lee said the violence against other minority groups must also end in Myanmar.
"Its campaign of violence against ethnic minorities, including the Rohingya, the Kayin, the Kachin and the Shan, must end," she said.
She added: "There must be accountability for the campaign of ethnic cleansing and possible genocide against the Rohingya, as well as the war crimes and crimes against humanity perpetrated against ethnic minorities around the country."
Ms Lee told journalists she was disturbed by reports of new violence in Rakhine state and she accused Myanmar of failing to create a peaceful environment so the refugees could return from Bangladesh.
"The campaign of violence against the Rohingya continues, with the security forces slowly bleeding the remaining Rohingya population and continuing to force them to flee to Bangladesh," she said.
About 1,300 Rohingya have recently arrived in Bangladesh from India, Bangladesh officials said earlier this week. Another 61 Rohingya, including many children, were arrested earlier this week by India in its northeastern states of Assam and Tripura. India rejected repeated UN calls against a decision by India to send at least 40,000 Rohingya back to Myanmar.
Bangladesh attempted to start repatriation in November last year under a deal with Myanmar despite reservations by the UN and other global human rights groups that conditions were not safe for Rohingya in Myanmar, which said it was ready to receive them. Bangladesh subsequently postponed the process.
The exodus of Rohingya began after Myanmar security forces launched a brutal crackdown following attacks by an insurgent group on guard posts in late August in 2017. The scale, organisation and ferocity of the crackdown led the UN and several governments to accuse Myanmar of ethnic cleansing and genocide. Bangladesh's Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina had ordered border guards to open the border allowing them to get in.
Most people in Myanmar do not accept that the Rohingya Muslims are a native ethnic group, calling them as "Bengalis" who entered from Bangladesh centuries ago. Nearly all have been denied citizenship since 1982, as well as access to education and hospitals.
