France said on Sunday it would provide Egypt with about €1.8 billion ($2.2bn) in financing for projects including the Cairo metro, power generation and water management, in what officials called a major boost to bilateral co-operation.
It includes a concessional government loan of about €800 million for upgrades to Line 1 of Cairo's metro, which was built in the 1980s.
Another €1bn of financing from AFD, France's development agency, will cover a range of projects over the next five years.
More state-guaranteed loans worth a possible €2bn for a new metro route in Cairo would be negotiated over the next six months, French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said during a trip to the Egyptian capital.
France and Egypt have forged close ties since Abdel Fattah El Sisi became president in 2014.
Co-operation has included billions of dollars in arms sales to a country France considers a vital partner in countering extremism.
In May, France announced a new €4bn deal to deliver 30 Dassault warplanes to Egypt starting in 2024.
Mr Le Maire said France considered Egypt a strategic partner and had chosen to expand its commercial dealings after a visit by Mr El Sisi to Paris in December.
"France will substantially increase its direct exposure to Egypt, becoming the first counter-party for government-to-government loans," he said.
Projects announced on Sunday include the construction of a railway line between Aswan in southern Egypt and Wadi Halfa in neighbouring Sudan, Egypt's Cabinet said.
AFD will also provide €150m to support building a universal health insurance programme.